MetabolicStrong Evidence

Semaglutide

Also known as: Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus, GLP-1 agonist

Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist that reduces appetite, improves glycemic control, and promotes significant weight loss.

Benefits

6

Conditions

5

Evidence

Multiple large RCTs (STEP, SUSTAIN trials), FDA approved+ studies

Source

Synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist

Overview

Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist that reduces appetite, improves glycemic control, and promotes significant weight loss.

Mechanism of Action

Binds GLP-1 receptors in pancreas and brain, increases insulin secretion and decreases glucagon, slows gastric emptying for prolonged satiety, acts on hypothalamic appetite centers to reduce food intake, 94% homology to native GLP-1 with modifications for extended half-life (7 days).

Key Benefits

  • ✓Significant weight loss (15-20% body weight)
  • ✓Improved glycemic control in diabetes
  • ✓Reduced appetite and cravings
  • ✓Cardiovascular benefits
  • ✓Lower HbA1c
  • ✓Reduced risk of major adverse cardiac events

Clinical Applications

Type 2 diabetesObesity (BMI ≥30 or ≥27 with comorbidities)Metabolic syndromeCardiovascular disease preventionWeight management

Dosing Guidelines

Subcutaneous injection

Typical Dose0.25-2.4 mg (titrated weekly)
FrequencyOnce weekly
DurationLong-term maintenance

Oral (Rybelsus)

Typical Dose7-14 mg
FrequencyOnce daily
DurationLong-term maintenance

* Dosing should be individualized. Always consult with a qualified healthcare practitioner.

Research & Evidence

Evidence Level
Strong
Studies

Multiple large RCTs (STEP, SUSTAIN trials), FDA approved

Summary

Robust clinical evidence from STEP trials showing 15-20% weight loss. FDA approved for diabetes (Ozempic) and obesity (Wegovy). SUSTAIN-6 showed cardiovascular benefits. Extensive safety data in diverse populations.

Safety Information

Potential Side Effects

  • •Nausea
  • •Vomiting
  • •Diarrhea
  • •Constipation
  • •Abdominal pain
  • •Risk of pancreatitis
  • •Gallbladder disease

Contraindications

  • Medullary thyroid carcinoma history
  • MEN 2 syndrome
  • Pregnancy
  • Breastfeeding
  • Pancreatitis history

Interactions

  • ⚠Delays gastric emptying (affects oral medication absorption)
  • ⚠May potentiate insulin/sulfonylureas

Quick Facts

CategoryMetabolic
SourceSynthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist
Legal StatusFDA approved for type 2 diabetes and obesity
Gabriel Brain Score
92/ 100

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